A method to code shifting semiotic states in design

- Phare, Darin, Gu, Ning, Ostwald, Michael J., Williams, Tony

A semiotic analysis of representational imagery used in a collective design task

- Phare, Darin, Gu, Ning, Williams, Anthony

A semiotic framework to understand how signs in a collective design task convey information: a pilot study of design in an open crowd context

- Phare, Darin, Gu, Ning, Williams, Tony, Loughland, Carmel

Evaluating networked technologies for facilitating collective intelligence in design

- Phare, Darin, Gu, Ning

Exploring representation: a semiotic approach to understanding the image as a carrier of design meaning in a collective design context

- Phare, Darin

Representation in collective design: are there differences between expert designers and the crowd?

- Phare, Darin, Gu, Ning, Ostwald, Michael