On The Existence of Nonunique Equilibrium States

Title: On The Existence of Nonunique Equilibrium States
Creator: Maeder, Marcel; Rasouli, Zahra; Azizi, Yousef
Relation: Journal of Physical Chemistry A Vol. 127, Issue 40, p. 8280-8286
Publisher Link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03525
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Resource Type: journal article
Date: 2023
Description: Chemists "know" that the equilibrium position in a homogeneous solution is unique and that the one equilibrium is reached, irrespective of how the solution was prepared. This concept has been verified based on the law of mass action applied to concentrations rather than activities. In this contribution, we explore the situation for a very basic equilibrium system, using established approximations for the activity coefficients. We will demonstrate that under the correct application of the law of mass action, bistable equilibria positions are possible, concomitant, of course, with bifurcation in the kinetics of reaching either of the stable equilibria.
Subject: activity coefficient; approximation; equilibrium; ionic strength
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1499608
Identifier: uon:54739
Identifier: ISSN:1089-5639
Language: eng
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