- Title
- Systematic review of lifestyle interventions to improve weight, physical activity and diet among people with a mental health condition
- Creator
- Bradley, Tegan; Campbell, Elizabeth; Colyvas, Kim; Bowman, Jenny; Dray, Julia; Bartlem, Kate; Wye, Paula; Hanly, Grace; Gibson, Lauren; Fehily, Caitlin; Bailey, Jacqueline; Wynne, Olivia
- Relation
- Systematic Reviews Vol. 11, no. 198
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-022-02067-3
- Publisher
- BioMed Central (BMC)
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2022
- Description
- Background: People with a mental health condition experience an elevated risk of chronic disease and greater prevalence of health and behaviours. Lifestyle interventions aim to reduce this risk by modifying health behaviours such as physical activity and diet. Previous reviews exploring the efficacy of such interventions for this group have typically limited inclusion to individuals with severe mental illness (SMI), with a focus of impact on weight. This review assessed the efficacy of lifestyle interventions delivered in community or outpatient settings to people with any mental health condition, on weight, physical activity and diet. Methods: Eligible studies were randomised or cluster-randomised controlled trials published between January 1999 and February 2019 aiming to improve weight, physical activity or diet, for people with any mental health condition. Two reviewers independently completed study screening, data extraction and assessment of methodological quality. Primary outcome measures were weight, physical activity and diet. Secondary outcome measures were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, sedentary behaviour and mental health. Where possible, meta-analyses were conducted. Narrative synthesis using vote counting based on direction of effect was used where studies were not amenable to meta-analysis. Results: Fifty-seven studies were included (49 SMI only), with 46 contributing to meta-analyses. Meta-analyses revealed significant (< 0.05) effect of interventions on mean weight loss (−1.42 kg), achieving 5% weight loss (OR 2.48), weight maintenance (−2.05 kg), physical activity (IPAQ MET minutes: 226.82) and daily vegetable serves (0.51), but not on fruit serves (0.01). Significant effects were also seen for secondary outcomes of BMI (−0.48 units) and waist circumference (−0.87cm), but not mental health (depression: SMD −0.03; anxiety: SMD −0.49; severity of psychological symptoms: SMD 0.72). Studies reporting sedentary behaviour were not able to be meta-analysed. Most trials had high risk of bias, quality of evidence for weight and physical activity were moderate, while quality of evidence for diet was low. Conclusion: Lifestyle interventions delivered to people with a mental health condition made statistically significant improvements to weight, BMI, waist circumference, vegetable serves and physical activity. Further high-quality trials with greater consistency in measurement and reporting of outcomes are needed to better understand the impact of lifestyle interventions on physical activity, diet, sedentary behaviour and mental health and to understand impact on subgroups. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42019137197.
- Subject
- mental health; physical health; chronic disease; lifestyle interventions; weight management; physical activity
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1494253
- Identifier
- uon:53752
- Identifier
- ISSN:2046-4053
- Rights
- This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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