- Title
- A pro-inflammatory diet in people with multiple sclerosis is associated with an increased rate of relapse and increased FLAIR lesion volume on MRI in early multiple sclerosis: A prospective cohort study
- Creator
- Saul, Alice M.; Taylor, Bruce V.; Lechner-Scott, Jeanette; van der Mei, Ingrid; Blizzard, Leigh; Simpson-Yap, Steve; Oddy, Wendy H.; Shivappa, Nittin; Hébert, James R.; Black, Lucinda J.; Ponsonby, Anne-Louise; Broadley, Simon A.
- Relation
- Multiple Sclerosis Journal Vol. 29, Issue 8, p. 1012-1023
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13524585231167739
- Publisher
- Sage
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2023
- Description
- Background: A pro-inflammatory diet has been posited to induce chronic inflammation within the central nervous system (CNS), and multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the CNS. Objective:We examined whether Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®)) scores are associated with measures of MS progression and inflammatory activity. Methods: A cohort with a first clinical diagnosis of CNS demyelination was followed annually (10 years, n = 223). At baseline, 5- and 10-year reviews, DII and energy-adjusted DII (E-DIITM) scores were calculated (food frequency questionnaire) and assessed as predictors of relapses, annualised change in disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale) and two magnetic resonance imaging measures; fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) lesion volume and black hole lesion volume. Results: A more pro-inflammatory diet was associated with a higher relapse risk (highest vs. lowest E-DII quartile: hazard ratio = 2.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −1.16, 4.33, p = 0.02). When we limited analyses to those assessed on the same manufacturer of scanner and those with a first demyelinating event at study entry (to reduce error and disease heterogeneity), an association between E-DII score and FLAIR lesion volume was evident (β = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.72, p = 0.03). Conclusion: There is a longitudinal association between a higher DII and a worsening in relapse rate and periventricular FLAIR lesion volume in people with MS.
- Subject
- diet; inflammation; dietary inflammatory index; multiple sclerosis; MRI; EDSS
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1485387
- Identifier
- uon:51575
- Identifier
- ISSN:1352-4585
- Rights
- © The Author(s), 2023. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us-sagepub-com.ezproxy.newcastle.edu.au/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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