- Title
- Changes in vegetable and fruit intakes and effects on anthropometric outcomes in males and females
- Creator
- Clarke, Erin D.; Rollo, Megan E.; Collins, Clare E.; Wood, Lisa; Callister, Robin; Schumacher, Tracy; Haslam, Rebecca L.
- Relation
- NHMRC
- Relation
- Nutrition and Dietetics Vol. 78, Issue 2, p. 192-201
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12638
- Publisher
- Wiley-Blackwell
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2021
- Description
- Aim: To investigate associations between changes in vegetable and fruit (V&F) intakes and anthropometric indices (weight, BMI, % body fat, waist circumference), including differences by sex, during a dietary weight-loss intervention. Methods: Adults (18-45 years) with overweight/obesity (BMI 25-35 kg/m2) entered a 10-week pre-post study, receiving individualised consults with an Accredited Practising Dietitian targeting increased V&F intakes. Dietary intake was assessed using 24-hour recalls and food frequency questionnaires. Linear mixed models were used to examine how much of the changes in anthropometric indices were explained by changes in V&F intakes. Sex differences were assessed by Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Results: Of the 43 participants enrolled, 34 completed the study (53% female). Significant differences in energy intake and anthropometric indices were observed between males and females at baseline. After 10 weeks, females significantly reduced their weight (−2.9%, P <.01), BMI (−0.82 kg/m2, P <.01), waist circumference (−1.70 cm, P <.01), energy intake (−824 kJ/day, P =.01) and improved diet quality (−14.0% energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods, P <.01). Males significantly reduced weight (−2.5%, P =.04), BMI (−0.76 kg/m2, P =.03), waist circumference (−2.40 cm, P =.02), energy intake (−2875 kJ/day, P <.01), increased fruit intake (+0.89 serves/day, P =.02) and improved diet quality (−6% energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods, P <.01). Compared to the other sex, greater reductions were observed in energy intake in males and energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods in females. Linear mixed models identified that changes in V&F intakes did not explain the variation in anthropometric measures. Conclusion: Future interventions may benefit from trialling sex tailored messages to enhance effects on anthropometric changes.
- Subject
- fruits; sex differences; vegetables; weight loss; weight management; SDG 3; Sustainable Development Goals
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1465515
- Identifier
- uon:47286
- Identifier
- ISSN:1446-6368
- Language
- eng
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