- Title
- Subcutaneous vaccine administration - an outmoded practice
- Creator
- Cook, Ian F.
- Relation
- Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Vol. 17, Issue 5, p. 1329-1341
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1814094
- Publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2021
- Description
- Subcutaneous vaccine (SC) administration is an outmoded practice which complicates vaccine administration recommendations. Local adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) are a recognized determinant of vaccine hesitancy/refusal which can lead to an increased prevalence of vaccine-preventable disease. This extensive narrative review provides high-grade evidence that intramuscular (IM) administration of all vaccine types [adjuvanted, live virus and non-adjuvanted (inactivated whole cell, split cell and subunit)] significantly reduces the likelihood of local adverse events. This, combined with moderate grade evidence that IM injection generates significantly greater immune response compared with SC injection, allows a strong recommendation to be made for the IM injection of all vaccines except BCG and Rotavirus. This will simplify vaccination practice, minimize the inadvertent misadministration of vaccines and potentially improve public trust in vaccination.
- Subject
- literature review; outmoded practice; vaccine administration; subcutaneous; intramuscular; local reactogenciity; immunogenicity; SDG 3; Sustainable Development Goals
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1461059
- Identifier
- uon:46100
- Identifier
- ISSN:2164-5515
- Rights
- © 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being
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