- Title
- Freezing temperature of water drops
- Creator
- Barma, Milan; Peng, Zhengbiao; Moghtaderi, Behdad; Doroodchi, Elham
- Relation
- Chemeca 2019: Chemical Engineering Megatrends and the Elements. Proceedings of Chemeca 2019: Chemical Engineering Megatrends and the Elements (Sydney, NSW 29 September - 02 October, 2019) p. 216-230
- Publisher
- Engineers Australia
- Resource Type
- conference paper
- Date
- 2019
- Description
- Freezing of water drops is broadly examined in meteorological contexts with the main focus being on understanding the underlying phenomenon in formation of hailstone and condensation of water vapour in clouds. In this context, the researchers have explored the freezing characteristics of water as a function of sample volume and purity demonstrating that the freezing temperature reduces as the drop size decreases and purity of water increases. The finding of these studies are largely limited to drop sizes of less than a few millimetre. More recently frozen drops have been utilised in other advanced applications including seawater desalination, waste water purification and cold energy storage systems. For the latter purposes relatively larger size drops of water (greater than a few mm) with varying level of impurities are being used. This study is concerned with examining the freezing temperature of such water drops with sizes between a few mm and 13.5 mm. Specifically, the effect of drop size on the freezing temperature was investigated systematically using a laboratory freezer to freeze water drops suspended at the interface of 1, 2-Dichloroethane and Paraffin oil. For each drop size, the freezing temperature was determined using a sample population of 100 drops. The results showed that as the water drop size increases the freezing temperature increases significantly, approaching zero degree Celsius (i.e. the freezing temperature of bulk water) as the drop size becomes greater than 10 mm. The median freezing temperature for smaller size drops was found to have statistically higher standard deviations than larger drops. That can be attributed to non-uniform distribution of suspended solid impurities within the drops. At smaller drop sizes due to their smallness, this effect becomes more pronounced leading to greater deviation of the freezing temperature.
- Subject
- water drops; frozen drops; hailstone; freezing temperature
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1452403
- Identifier
- uon:44433
- Identifier
- ISBN:9781925627336
- Language
- eng
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