- Title
- Application of ion selective electrode array to simultaneously determinate multi-free ions in solution
- Creator
- Wang, Liang; Cheng, Ying; Lamb, Dane; Megharaj, Mallavarapu; Naidu, Ravendra
- Relation
- Environmental Technology & Innovation Vol. 15, no. 100424
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2019.100424
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2019
- Description
- An ion-selective electrode (ISE) array, probeCARETM was developed for real-time measurement of multi-free ions in solution. The technique includes algorithms that have been developed to allow real-time measurement of a multitude of free ions simultaneously in solution. The ISE array system allows common ions: sodium (Na⁺), Potassium (K⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), nitrate (NO₃⁻) and chloride (Cl⁻) to be measured in complex solution matrices. This is of value to agricultural irrigators and for monitoring water quality in lakes and streams. It can be adopted for the benefit of fertigation application, and water qualities are monitoring to ensure environmental protection authority (EPA) standards are achieved. The prediction accuracies of ISEs can be negatively impacted by pH, ionic strength and the interferences from other undesired ions. The ISE array system contained a self-developed algorithm to eliminate the interferences from the major ions existed in nature water. On the purpose of validating the prediction accuracy, 96 samples based on 22 different real water backgrounds were employed. Several chemicals were spiked into these samples for simulating the fertilizers and other water quality hazards. Based on the experiment results, it can be concluded that the system can strong ability to simultaneously determinate multi-free ions, regardless the pH, ionic strength and the interferences from major ions in nature water.
- Subject
- ion-selective electrode array; independent component analysis; artifical neural network; ISE array; ANN
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1414482
- Identifier
- uon:36752
- Identifier
- ISSN:2352-1864
- Language
- eng
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