- Title
- Utilisation of thermostatically controlled loads in demand response schemes
- Creator
- Wang, Haiming
- Relation
- University of Newcastle Research Higher Degree Thesis
- Resource Type
- thesis
- Date
- 2018
- Description
- Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
- Description
- The thesis investigates the use of the thermal inertia of thermostatically controlled loads in demand response schemes. Numerical models and computational algorithms are proposed to address several current issues in demand response smart grids. The existing century-old power system is evolving from traditional load following generation to demand response, due to the progressive penetration of distributed intermittent generators and ever-increasing load demands. This has led to a transition of power systems towards smart grid architectures with extensive user participation in the form of demand response. One method for coping with the problems arising from increasingly intermittent generation and increasing demand is to introduce greater flexibility into load profiles, which raises the idea of load shaping. Load shaping involves shifting electricity consumption from time point to another. This can be achieved though energy storage systems like batteries; however, this is currently too expensive. Alternatively, the thermal inertia of thermostatically controlled loads could be used as a virtual storage system. Thermal inertia is the tendency of a thermal mass to resist temperature changes. Buildings have high thermal inertias; they contain a high heat of fusion, and are capable of storing and releasing significant amounts of latent heat. They can retain significant amounts of thermal energy for later use, allowing heat-related electricity consumption to be shifted from on-peak to off-peak periods. The aim of this thesis is to develop a framework for utilising the flexible thermal inertia of thermostatically controlled loads in a demand response scheme. This is achieved with the implementation of smart home energy management systems. By aggregating the thermal inertia distributed across smart houses and buildings at the neighbourhood level, a wide area demand response scheme capable of load shaping is feasible. This could achieve load following generation while reducing customer costs. Specifically, this thesis addresses the problems of demand response using the thermal inertia of thermostatically controlled loads in the following ways: It develops models that explicitly represent the dynamic thermal processes of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs); It proposes novel dispatch approaches to using the thermal inertia of TCLs in demand response schemes to minimise energy costs under day-ahead and real time pricing policies; It proposes methods for aggregating a large population of TCLs; It develops optimisation approaches that utilise the thermal inertia of aggregated TCLs to increase the penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources, manage the real time thermal ratings of distribution networks, and shape peak load in distribution networks. The proposed control and planning frameworks are validated with various benchmark tests. The simulation results and numerical analyses demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed frameworks, which benefit both customers and utilities.
- Subject
- demand response smart grids; thermal inertia; smart homes; energy costs
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1395528
- Identifier
- uon:33897
- Rights
- Copyright 2018 Haiming Wang
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details Download | ATTACHMENT01 | Thesis | 3 MB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download | ||
| View Details Download | ATTACHMENT02 | Abstract | 343 KB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download |