- Title
- Profiling subjective symptoms and autonomic changes associated with cybersickness
- Creator
- Gavgani, Alireza Mazloumi; Nesbitt, Keith V.; Blackmore, Karen L.; Nalivaiko, Eugene
- Relation
- Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical Vol. 203, Issue March, p. 41-50
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2016.12.004
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2017
- Description
- Our aim was to expand knowledge of cybersickness – a subtype of motion sickness provoked by immersion into a moving computer-generated virtual reality. Fourteen healthy subjects experienced a 15-min rollercoaster ride presented via a head-mounted display (Oculus Rift), for 3 consecutive days. Heart rate, respiration, finger and forehead skin conductance were measured during the experiment; this was complemented by a subjective nausea rating during the ride and by Motion Sickness Assessment Questionnaire before, immediately after and then 1, 2 and 3 h post-ride. Physiological measurements were analysed in three dimensions: ride time, association with subjective nausea rating and experimental day. Forehead, and to a lesser extent finger phasic skin conductance activity showed a correlation with the reported nausea ratings, while alteration in other measured parameters were mostly related to autonomic arousal during the virtual ride onset. A significant habituation was observed in subjective symptom scores and in the duration of tolerated provocation. The latter increased from 7.0 ± 1.3 min on the first day to 12.0 ± 2.5 min on the third day (p < 0.05); this was associated with a reduced slope of nausea rise from 1.3 ± 0.3 units/min on the first to 0.7 ± 0.1 units/min on the third day (p < 0.01). Furthermore, habituation with repetitive exposure was also determined in the total symptom score post-ride: it fell from 1.6 ± 0.1 on the first day to 1.2 ± 0.1 on the third (p < 0.001). We conclude that phasic changes of skin conductance on the forehead could be used to objectively quantify nausea; and that repetitive exposure to provocative VR content results in habituation.
- Subject
- cybersickness; motion sickness; nausea; habituation; skin conductance
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1333418
- Identifier
- uon:27084
- Identifier
- ISSN:1566-0702
- Rights
- © 2017. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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