https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49803 38 years (1.34; 1.04–1.73); those with disease duration > 7 years (1.33; 1.01–1.74); those with EDSS score < 6 (1.21; 1.01–1.46) and ≥ 6 (1.93; 1.11–3.34); and patients with no new MRI lesion (1.73; 1.19–2.51). Conclusions: Overall, in women, younger patients, those with shorter disease durations, and patients with pre-treatment relapses, natalizumab was associated with a lower frequency of multiple sclerosis relapses than fingolimod. It was also associated with an increased chance of recovery from disability among most patients, particularly women and those with no recent MRI activity.]]> Wed 31 May 2023 15:59:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:42666 Wed 31 Aug 2022 14:05:33 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46794 Wed 30 Nov 2022 14:31:28 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:38068 p <0.001), longer disease duration (HR=1.01, p=0.038), a higher Expanded Disability Status Scale score (HR=1.30, p<0.001), more rapid disability trajectory (HR=2.82, p<0.001) and greater number of relapses in the previous year (HR=1.07, p=0.010) were independently associated with an increased risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Improving disability (HR=0.62, p=0.039) and disease-modifying therapy exposure (HR=0.71, p=0.007) were associated with a lower risk. Recent cerebral magnetic resonance imaging activity, evidence of spinal cord lesions and oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid were not associated with the risk of conversion. Conclusion:Risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis increases with age, duration of illness and worsening disability and decreases with improving disability. Therapy may delay the onset of secondary progression.]]> Wed 24 May 2023 12:22:34 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:45703 Wed 24 Jan 2024 14:33:03 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:38853 r = 0.3–0.5; P ≤ 0.05). Total ARCS predicts cognitive impairment with good sensitivity and specificity relative to the BICAMS tests (AUC = 0.8; P = 0.00045). Total ARCS detects higher levels of impairment than BICAMS in MS patients (44% versus 21%). The memory domain of the ARCS and the BVMT-R were the best predictors of employment status (OR = 1.12 and 1.14, P  < 0.05). Conclusion: BICAMS and ARCS have comparable sensitivity for cognitive impairment in MS. Memory assessment from either tests is the best predictor of employment status; however, the BICAMS is a better predictor of work productivity.]]> Wed 23 Nov 2022 15:41:25 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:38878 n = 13) erythrocyte-derived (CD235a) extracellular particles were increased, while platelet-derived (CD41b), leukocyte-derived (CD45), and CD4⁺T cell-derived (CD4) extracellular particles were decreased compared to both healthy controls (n = 27) (p<0.05) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis patients (n = 9) (p < 0.05). Endothelium-derived extracellular particles (CD146) were increased in stable relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients (n = 17) compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). Extracellular particles from several different cells of origin correlated with each other and clinical parameters (e.g. disease duration, number of relapses, EDSS), though clinical correlations did not withstand corrections for multiple comparisons. Conclusions: Concentrations of erythrocyte-, leukocyte-, and platelet-derived extracellular particles were altered in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients and endothelium-derived extracellular particles were increased in stable relapsing-remitting patients compared to healthy controls. Extracellular particles may provide insights into altered the crosstalk between peripheral blood cells in multiple sclerosis, which may lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets.]]> Wed 23 Feb 2022 11:05:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53345 Wed 22 Nov 2023 10:19:25 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51433 Wed 22 May 2024 15:28:13 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:48596 Wed 22 Mar 2023 08:46:40 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54397 Wed 21 Feb 2024 15:48:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54897 Wed 20 Mar 2024 13:32:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:48943 Wed 19 Apr 2023 13:52:09 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51652 Wed 13 Sep 2023 10:00:03 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:52436 Wed 11 Oct 2023 14:54:40 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:39516 Wed 10 Aug 2022 11:31:35 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53604 75% (AUC = 0.79, SE = 0.014). Discrimination between ISO lesions and cNAWM was accomplished with an accuracy of >69% (AUC = 0.74, SE = 0.018), while discrimination between BH lesions and cNAWM was achieved at an accuracy of >80% (AUC = 0.87, SE = 0.021). Conclusions: Our results highlight the potential of APTw imaging for use as a non-invasive technique that is able to provide essential molecular information to clinicians and researchers so that the stages of inflammation and degeneration in MS lesions can be better characterized.]]> Wed 07 Feb 2024 14:34:19 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54611 Wed 06 Mar 2024 10:38:32 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:45667 Wed 02 Nov 2022 15:59:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47837 n = 330), annual transition probabilities were obtained between no/mild (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) levels 0-3.5), moderate (EDSS 4-6.0) and severe (EDSS 6.5-9.5) disability. Results: From no/mild disability, 6.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.7-8.4) and 0.1% (0.0-0.2) progressed to moderate and severe disability annually, respectively. From moderate disability, 6.9% (1.0-11.4) improved (to no/mild state) and 2.6% (1.1-4.5) worsened. From severe disability, 0.0% improved to moderate and no/mild disability. Male sex, age at onset, longer disease duration, not using immunotherapies greater than 3 months and a history of relapse were related to higher probabilities of worsening. Conclusion: We have estimated probabilities of changing disability levels in Australians with RRMS. Probabilities differed between various subgroups, but due to small sample sizes, results should be interpreted with caution. Our findings will be helpful in predicting long-term disease outcomes and in health economic evaluations of MS.]]> Wed 01 Feb 2023 15:34:54 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54058 Tue 30 Jan 2024 13:55:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51272 Tue 29 Aug 2023 15:42:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:50909 Tue 29 Aug 2023 11:01:27 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:55423 Tue 28 May 2024 14:56:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:39853 Tue 26 Jul 2022 10:28:34 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53300 Tue 21 Nov 2023 12:02:22 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53309 .05). Compared to HCs, both RRMS cohorts showed volume changes in white matter (−13%), gray matter (−16%), and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) (+17-23%), as well as reduced NAA (−17%, p =.001, hippocampus), (−7%, p =.001, PCG), and (−9%, p =.001, PFC). MRI/S metrics in three regions were moderately correlated with cognition and fatigue functions. Conclusion: While both treatment arms showed overall similar volumetric and neurometabolic profiles, longitudinal studies are warranted to clarify neurometabolic changes and associations with treatment efficacy.]]> Tue 21 Nov 2023 12:02:21 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:39111 Tue 21 Mar 2023 17:45:24 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54378 Tue 20 Feb 2024 20:24:50 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54334 Tue 20 Feb 2024 16:06:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:52582 Tue 17 Oct 2023 15:55:43 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49895 Tue 13 Jun 2023 15:49:48 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47078 Tue 13 Dec 2022 16:28:39 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51624 Tue 12 Sep 2023 14:37:58 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:44317 Tue 11 Oct 2022 16:19:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:36572 Tue 09 Jun 2020 11:40:47 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:42900 Tue 06 Sep 2022 15:14:33 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51450 Tue 05 Sep 2023 17:56:18 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51306 Thu 31 Aug 2023 14:27:51 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:52120 Thu 28 Sep 2023 15:04:45 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:45379 Thu 27 Oct 2022 15:58:23 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53990 Thu 25 Jan 2024 13:04:15 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53980 pFDR ≤ 0.001; false-detection-rate (FDR)-corrected). There was a significant decrease in WML diffusivities and an increase in FA over the follow-up period in most TOIs (pFDR ≤ 0.001). Additionally, there were no differences in DTI parameters across treatment groups. AD and MD were positively correlated with fatigue scores (r ≤ 0.33, p ≤ 0.01) in NAWM-TOIs, while disability (EDSS) was negatively correlated with FA in most NAWM-TOIs (|r|≤0.31, p ≤ 0.01) at both time points. Disability scores correlated with all diffusivity parameters (r ≤ 0.29, p ≤ 0.01) in most WML-TOIs at both time points. Conclusion: Statistically significant changes in diffusion metrics in WML might be indicative of integrity improvement over two years in CTS tracts in clinically stable pw-RRMS. This finding represents structural changes within lesioned tracts. Measuring diffusivity in pw-RRMS affected tracts might be a relevant measure for future remyelination clinical trials.]]> Thu 25 Jan 2024 12:56:51 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:37635 65% by area and 16/50 a low grade stenosis of between 40-65% by area compared to 1/50 low grade stenoses in this segment in the controls. The commonest cause of the stenosis was a giant arachnoid granulation. The optic nerve sheaths were larger in MS than controls (p=0.0006). Comparing MS patients with transverse sinus stenosis to those without, the pituitary height was 16% smaller and BMI 25% larger (p=0.02 and 0.003 respectively) Conclusion: In patients with MS, the reduction in venous sinus compliance is associated with venous outflow stenoses in the transverse sinuses which increases the upstream venous pressure and dilates the sagittal sinuses. This finding suggests a continuum exists between MS and idiopathic intracranial hypertension.]]> Thu 24 Mar 2022 11:30:10 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51627 Thu 23 Nov 2023 14:26:15 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:52643 Thu 19 Oct 2023 15:18:30 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:52624 Thu 19 Oct 2023 14:15:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:43306 Thu 15 Sep 2022 13:54:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:32442 Thu 09 Dec 2021 11:04:09 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:36736 Thu 02 Jul 2020 16:31:45 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:41240 Sat 30 Jul 2022 12:19:30 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:52843 Mon 30 Oct 2023 09:54:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:38338 -4, hazard ratio = 1.41). Moreover, rs7298096AA is associated with a higher NINJ2 expression in blood (p = 7.0 x 10^-6), which was confirmed in vitro (p = 0.009). Finally, NINJ2 expression is downregulated by IFNβ treatment and related to TTFR. Conclusions: Rs7298096 could influence MS disease activity during IFNβ treatment by modulating NINJ2 expression in blood. The gene encodes for an adhesion molecule involved in inflammation and endothelial cells activation, supporting its role in MS.]]> Mon 30 Aug 2021 13:46:38 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:37732 p = 0.001), brainstem onset (HR = 0.45, p = 0.009), azathioprine (HR = 0.46, p <0.001) and mycophenolate mofetil (HR = 0.09, p = 0.012) were associated with a reduced risk of relapse. A greater EDSS was associated with age (β = 0.45 (per decade), p<0.001) and disease duration (β = 0.07 per year, p <0.001). A slower increase in EDSS was associated with azathioprine (β = -0.48, p <0.001), mycophenolate mofetil (β = -0.69, p = 0.04) and rituximab (β = -0.35, p = 0.024). Interpretation: This study has demonstrated that azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil reduce the risk of relapses and disability progression is modified by azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil and rituximab. Age and disease duration were the only patient characteristics that modified the risk of relapse and disability in our cohort.]]> Mon 29 Mar 2021 13:09:59 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:38628 + T cells of relapsing–remitting (RR) MS patients compared to healthy controls and identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in HLA-DRB1 and RNF39. This study aimed to investigate the DNA methylation profiles of the CD4⁺ T cells of progressive MS patients. DNA methylation was measured in two separate case/control cohorts using the Illumina 450K/EPIC arrays and data was analysed with the Chip Analysis Methylation Pipeline (ChAMP). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were assessed using the Illumina Human OmniExpress24 arrays and analysed using PLINK. Expression was assessed using the Illumina HT12 array and analysed in R using a combination of Limma and Illuminaio. We identified three DMRs at HTR2A, SLC17A9 and HDAC4 that were consistent across both cohorts. The DMR at HTR2A is located within the bounds of a haplotype block; however, the DMR remained significant after accounting for SNPs in the region. No expression changes were detected in any DMRs. HTR2A is differentially methylated in progressive MS independent of genotype. This differential methylation is not evident in RRMS, making it a potential biomarker of progressive disease.]]> Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:52:47 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:48109 Mon 27 Feb 2023 15:22:15 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:35542 Mon 26 Aug 2019 15:28:04 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51965 Mon 25 Sep 2023 08:53:21 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54037 Mon 24 Jun 2024 15:39:11 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47575 Mon 23 Jan 2023 14:00:36 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53246 Mon 20 Nov 2023 10:14:36 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:43429 P ≤ .05). Only GPC showed positive correlation with all fatigue domains (r = .537, P ≤ .05). On the other hand, Glx-upper, NAA-2, GSH+Hca, and fucose-3 showed negative correlations with all fatigue domains (r = –.345 to –.580, P ≤ .05). While tyrosine showed positive correlation with MFIS (r = .499, P ≤ .05), cognitive fatigue was negatively correlated with total GSH (r = –.530, P ≤ .05). No correlations were found between lesion load or brain volumes with fatigue score. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that fatigue in MS is strongly correlated with an imbalance in neurometabolites but not structural brain measurements.]]> Mon 19 Sep 2022 09:29:20 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:37094 Mon 17 Aug 2020 12:34:46 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:41847 p = 0.010); but no differences in spontaneous abortions, term or preterm births. Conclusions: We report low pregnancy incidence rates, with increasing number of pregnancies conceived on DMT over the past 12-years. The median duration of DMT exposure in pregnancy was relatively short at one month.]]> Mon 15 Aug 2022 10:27:59 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46218 Mon 14 Nov 2022 12:12:01 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46199 Mon 14 Nov 2022 11:22:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54196 Mon 12 Feb 2024 14:43:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54178 Mon 12 Feb 2024 13:11:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:56187 Mon 12 Aug 2024 10:13:24 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:55006 Mon 12 Aug 2024 08:06:01 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54767 Mon 11 Mar 2024 15:00:30 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54737 90 % accuracy in this cohort (AUC=0.92, SE=0.86 - 0.94). Conclusion: Multi-modal MRI signatures can predict cognitive decline in a cohort of pwMS over 5 years with high accuracy. Future studies will benefit from the inclusion of even more MR modalities e.g., functional MRI, quantitative susceptibility mapping, magnetisation transfer imaging, as well as other potential predictors e.g., genetic and environmental factors. With further validation, this signature could be used in future trials with high-risk patients to personalise the management of cognitive decline in pwMS, even in the absence of relapses.]]> Mon 11 Mar 2024 14:19:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:39532 Mon 08 Aug 2022 11:20:12 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:36797 Mon 06 Jul 2020 16:25:41 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54090 Mon 05 Feb 2024 09:20:42 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:52379 Mon 01 Jul 2024 10:27:10 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:40208 Mon 01 Aug 2022 09:10:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46553 Fri 25 Nov 2022 11:33:34 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:48646 Fri 24 Mar 2023 13:51:57 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47726 Fri 24 Feb 2023 14:56:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51918 Fri 22 Sep 2023 10:40:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51882 Fri 22 Sep 2023 09:08:11 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53931 Fri 22 Mar 2024 08:23:10 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53317 Fri 19 Jan 2024 14:25:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53845 .1). Conclusion: We found evidence of loss of GM and TBV over time in pwMOGAD, similar to pwMS, although the WM and lesion volumes were unchanged.]]> Fri 19 Jan 2024 10:18:15 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51076 Fri 18 Aug 2023 09:03:23 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53050 Fri 17 Nov 2023 12:07:55 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53044 Fri 17 Nov 2023 11:47:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:55343 Fri 17 May 2024 15:51:26 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51685 Fri 15 Sep 2023 09:36:29 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:44478 Fri 14 Oct 2022 08:50:55 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:37082 Fri 14 Aug 2020 14:27:43 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:56392 Fri 13 Sep 2024 14:32:02 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46091 Fri 11 Nov 2022 09:31:14 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51536 Fri 08 Sep 2023 12:58:50 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49119 Fri 05 May 2023 11:46:07 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:52991 Fri 03 Nov 2023 16:05:35 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47876 0.12). in vivo results showed statistically significant diurnal variations (P ≤ 0.05, F > 3.88) for 22 resonances. Bonferroni post-hoc testing showed there was statistically significant increases in metabolite ratios between 0700 and 1700 and these include different moieties of N-acetylaspartate, creatine, choline, myo-inositol, lipids, fucose, glutathione, and homocarnosine. Data Conclusion: 2D L-COSY can detect diurnal physiological variability in neuro-metabolite levels. Thus, time of the day should be considered when planning MRS studies to avoid confounding results. Level of Evidence: 1. Technical Efficacy Stage: 1.]]> Fri 03 Feb 2023 15:17:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49799 Fri 02 Jun 2023 17:06:47 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51340 Fri 01 Sep 2023 13:35:50 AEST ]]>