https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 Proteomic analysis reveals that topoisomerase 2A is associated with defective sperm head morphology https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46784 Wed 30 Nov 2022 13:21:59 AEDT ]]> The multi-scale architecture of mammalian sperm flagella and implications for ciliary motility https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:40829 Wed 28 Sep 2022 10:43:45 AEST ]]> DNA variants are an unlikely explanation for the changing quality of spermatozoa within the same individual https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:43721 Wed 28 Sep 2022 10:29:52 AEST ]]> The future of assessing bull fertility: Can the 'omics fields identify usable biomarkers? https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:48935 Wed 19 Apr 2023 14:47:54 AEST ]]> Evaluating amphibian biobanking and reproduction for captive breeding programs according to the Amphibian Conservation Action Plan objectives https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46347 Wed 16 Nov 2022 08:47:07 AEDT ]]> The sins of our forefathers: paternal impacts on De Novo mutation rate and development https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47168 Wed 14 Dec 2022 15:48:43 AEDT ]]> The molecular chaperone HSPA2 plays a key role in regulating the expression of sperm surface receptors that mediate sperm-egg recognition https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:15122 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:13:29 AEST ]]> The role of the molecular chaperone heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2) in regulating human sperm-egg recognition https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:27762 in vitro fertilization (IVF) success. Furthermore, reduced expression of HSPA2 from the human sperm proteome leads to an impaired capacity for cumulus matrix dispersal, sperm-egg recognition and fertilization following both IVF and ICSI. In this review, we consider the evidence supporting the role of HSPA2 in sperm function and explore the potential mechanisms by which it is depleted in the spermatozoa of infertile patients. Such information offers novel insights into the molecular mechanisms governing sperm function.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:54:40 AEST ]]> Tyrosine phosphorylation activates surface chaperones facilitating sperm-zona recognition https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:2442 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:48:34 AEST ]]> Ultrastructural investigation and in vitro recapitulation of spermatid differentiation in a potential bio-indicator species - The marine invertebrate Galeolaria gemineoa (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:30799 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:41:45 AEST ]]> The passage of Ca²⁺ and fluorescent markers between the sperm and egg after fusion in the mouse https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6548 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:37:33 AEST ]]> Identification of the molecular chaperone, heat shock protein 1 (chaperonin 10), in the reproductive tract and in capacitating spermatozoa in the male mouse https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:4506 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:11:11 AEST ]]> A cytosolic sperm protein factor mobilizes Ca²⁺ from intracellular stores by activating multiple Ca²⁺ release mechanisms independently of low molecular weight messengers https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6596 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:57:51 AEST ]]> The flagellar protein Enkurin is required for mouse sperm motility and for transport through the female reproductive tract https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:41662 Wed 10 Aug 2022 11:10:24 AEST ]]> Nuclear heterogeneity is prevalent in high-quality fractionated human sperm cells typically used for assisted conception https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:48760 Wed 05 Apr 2023 13:49:19 AEST ]]> The contribution of epididymosomes to the sperm small RNA profile https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47818 Wed 01 Feb 2023 09:51:54 AEDT ]]> Proteomic profiling of mouse epididymosomes reveals their contributions to post-testicular sperm maturation https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:35957 Tue 21 Jan 2020 11:08:08 AEDT ]]> The role of endogenous antioxidants in male animal fertility https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:43493 Tue 20 Sep 2022 15:35:26 AEST ]]> Sperm collection and storage for the sustainable management of amphibian biodiversity https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:37426 Tue 17 Nov 2020 10:22:21 AEDT ]]> Physiological and pathological aspects of sperm metabolism https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:32666 capacitation in order to attain the competence to recognize the egg and then engage in a complex cascade of cell–cell interactions in order to achieve union of the gametes at fertilization. This process involves extensive remodelling of the sperm plasma membrane as well as the induction of hyperactivated motility and, as such, is a highly energy-dependent process. The process of spermatogenesis requires extensive remodelling of a conventional spherical cell to become one of the most highly specialized and morphologically differentiated cells in the body. During this transformation, the DNA in the sperm nucleus reaches the physical limits of compaction to achieve a quasicrystalline state. This extreme compaction requires the removal or resorption of most of the cytoplasm, at the same time removing the majority of the organelles (such as the endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes and Golgi apparatus) that are intimately involved in the regulation of metabolism in somatic cells. The result of this extensive remodelling is that spermatozoa are left translationally and transcriptionally silent, as well as relatively depleted of intracellular enzymes and energy reserves such as fat droplets, yolk granules and glycogen. For this reason, spermatozoa are heavily dependent on their immediate extracellular environment for the energy substrates that drive metabolism, as well as a variety of specialized enzymatic activities that would normally be conducted intracellularly. For example, in somatic cells, the array of enzymes and low-molecular-mass scavengers involved in mediating protection against oxidative stress is housed intracellularly, largely within the cytoplasmic space. Spermatozoa, on the other hand, largely depend upon the epididymal and seminal plasmas to provide the richest and most diverse combination of antioxidants in the body, including several that are unique to the male reproductive tract. In much the same way that economies trade using a currency rather than a barter system, biological systems have all evolved their own unique ‘currencies’ for the exchange of energy.The most important of these currencies is adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP), which provides the metabolic energy to drive activities in all living cells.]]> Tue 10 Jul 2018 11:47:12 AEST ]]> Generation of a sexually mature individual of the Eastern dwarf tree frog, Litoria fallax, from cryopreserved testicular macerates: proof of capacity of cryopreserved sperm derived offspring to complete development https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:34867 Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:01:56 AEST ]]> Improved methods of DNA extraction from human spermatozoa that mitigate experimentally-induced oxidative DNA damage https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:34948 Tue 03 Sep 2019 17:57:02 AEST ]]> Analysis of epididymal protein synthesis and secretion https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:34868 Thu 30 May 2019 15:31:33 AEST ]]> Depletion of thiols leads to redox deregulation, production of 4-hydroxinonenal and sperm senescence: a possible role for GSH regulation in spermatozoa https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:42127 P < 0.001). Furthermore, the deleterious effects of GSH depletion using menadione and 1,3 dimethoxy 1,4, naphtoquinone (DMNQ) were able to be prevented by the addition of cysteine, but no other antioxidant. Pre-incubation with cysteine prevented menadione and DMNQ induced damage to sperm membranes after 1 h (P < 0.001; P < 0.05) and after 3 h of incubation (P < 0.001, P < 0.05). Pre-incubation with cysteine ameliorated both the menadione- and DMNQ-induced increase in 4-hydroxynonenal (P < 0.001). As cysteine is a precursor of GSH, we hypothesized that stallion spermatozoa are able to synthesize this tripeptide using exogenous cysteine. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the presence of two enzymes required to synthesize GSH (GSH and GCLC) and using western blotting and immunocytochemistry we detected both enzymes in stallion spermatozoa. The inhibition of GCLC reduced the recovery of GSH by addition of cysteine after depletion, suggesting that stallion spermatozoa may use exogenous cysteine to regulate GSH. Other findings supporting this hypothesis were changes in sperm functionality after BSO treatment and changes in GSH and GSSG validated using HPLC-MS, showing that BSO prevented the increase in GSH in the presence of cysteine, although important stallion to stallion variability occurred and suggested differences in expression of glutamate cysteine ligase. Mean concentration of GSH in stallion spermatozoa was 8.2 ± 2.1 μM/10⁹ spermatozoa, well above the nanomolar ranges per billion spermatozoa reported for other mammals.]]> Thu 25 Aug 2022 12:01:39 AEST ]]> Chronic testicular Chlamydia muridarum infection impairs mouse fertility and offspring development https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:38608 Chlamydia is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen worldwide. Male and female infections occur at similar rates and both cause serious pathological sequelae. Despite this, the impact of chlamydial infection on male fertility has long been debated, and the effects of paternal chlamydial infection on offspring development are unknown. Using a male mouse chronic infection model, we show that chlamydial infection persists in the testes, adversely affecting the testicular environment. Infection increased leukocyte infiltration, disrupted the blood:testis barrier and reduced spermiogenic cell numbers and seminiferous tubule volume. Sperm from infected mice had decreased motility, increased abnormal morphology, decreased zona-binding capacity, and increased DNA damage. Serum anti-sperm antibodies were also increased. When both acutely and chronically infected male mice were bred with healthy female mice, 16.7% of pups displayed developmental abnormalities. Female offspring of chronically infected sires had smaller reproductive tracts than offspring of noninfected sires. The male pups of infected sires displayed delayed testicular development, with abnormalities in sperm vitality, motility, and sperm-oocyte binding evident at sexual maturity. These data suggest that chronic testicular Chlamydia infection can contribute to male infertility, which may have an intergenerational impact on sperm quality.]]> Thu 18 Nov 2021 11:59:22 AEDT ]]> Amphibian declines in the twenty-first century: why we need assisted reproductive technologies https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:17628 Thu 18 Jun 2015 09:53:25 AEST ]]> Modification of crocodile spermatozoa refutes the tenet that post-testicular sperm maturation is restricted to mammals https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:35956 Thu 14 May 2020 15:11:42 AEST ]]> Proteolytic degradation of heat shock protein A2 occurs in response to oxidative stress in male germ cells of the mouse https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:32118 Thu 03 May 2018 12:11:55 AEST ]]> On the possible origins of DNA damage in human spermatozoa https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:9578 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:34:48 AEDT ]]> Acrosomal integrity, viability, and DNA damage of sperm from dasyurid marsupials after freezing or freeze drying https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:8081 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:34:26 AEDT ]]> Ontogeny of tyrosine phosphorylation-signaling pathways during spermatogenesis and epididymal maturation in the mouse https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:3007 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:33:06 AEDT ]]> Tyrosine phosphorylation activates surface chaperones facilitating sperm-zona recognition https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:908 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:30:00 AEDT ]]> Successful recovery of motility and fertility of cryopreserved cane toad (Bufo marinus) sperm https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:2805 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:27:19 AEDT ]]> Paternal obesity, interventions, and mechanistic pathways to impaired health in offspring https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:20202 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:06:49 AEDT ]]> Sperm motility is lost in vitro as a consequence of mitochondrial free radical production and the generation of electrophilic aldehydes but can be significantly rescued by the presence of nucleophilic thiols https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:21182 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:56:06 AEDT ]]> The source and significance of DNA damage in human spermatozoa; a commentary on diagnostic strategies and straw man fallacies https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:20028 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:50:55 AEDT ]]> Injections of porcine sperm extracts trigger fertilization-like calcium oscillations in oocytes of a marine worm https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6580 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:18 AEDT ]]> A mammalian sperm cytosolic phospholipase C activity generates inositol trisphosphate and causes Ca²⁺ release in sea urchin egg homogenates https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6582 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:18 AEDT ]]> Phospholipase Cζ, the trigger of egg activation in mammals, is present in a non-mammalian species https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6572 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:17 AEDT ]]> The soluble sperm factor that causes Ca²⁺ release from sea-urchin (Lytechinus pictus) egg homogenates also triggers Ca²⁺ oscillations after injection into mouse eggs https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6581 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:17 AEDT ]]> Ca²⁺ oscillations promote APC/C-dependent cyclin B1 degradation during metaphase arrest and completion of meiosis in fertilizing mouse eggs https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6570 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:16 AEDT ]]> Potential role of a sperm-derived phospholipase C in triggering the egg-activating Ca²⁺ signal at fertilization https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6575 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:16 AEDT ]]> Different Ca²⁺-releasing abilities of sperm extracts compared with tissue extracts and phospholipase C isoforms in sea urchin egg homogenate and mouse eggs https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6571 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:16 AEDT ]]> Sperm-induced Ca²⁺ oscillations in mouse oocytes and eggs can be mimicked by photolysis of caged inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate: evidence to support a continuous low level production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate during mammalian fertilization https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6576 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:16 AEDT ]]> Mammalian sperm contain a Ca²⁺-sensitive phospholipase C activity that can generate InsP₃ from PIP₂ associated with intracellular organelles https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6583 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:15 AEDT ]]> A comparison of sperm- and IP₃-induced Ca²⁺ release in activated and aging mouse oocytes https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6584 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:10 AEDT ]]> Composition of sea urchin egg homogenate determines its potency to inositol trisphosphate and cyclic ADPRibose-induced Ca²⁺ release https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6555 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:48:22 AEDT ]]> Mammalian egg activation: from Ca²⁺ spiking to cell cycle progression https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6565 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:47:07 AEDT ]]> Antioxidant systems and oxidative stress in the testes https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6652 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:46:20 AEDT ]]> On the search for the sperm oscillogen https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:6600 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:45:36 AEDT ]]> Reproductive biology in egg-laying mammals https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:5240 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:44:19 AEDT ]]> Identification of cytochrome-b5 reductase as the enzyme responsible for NADH-dependent lucigenin chemiluminescence in human spermatozoa https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:41 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:42:12 AEDT ]]> Formation and dissociation of sperm bundles in monotremes https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:27768 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:40:48 AEDT ]]> The effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on sperm function https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:29159 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:35:43 AEDT ]]> The microRNA signature of mouse spermatozoa is substantially modified during epididymal maturation https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:26158 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:35:27 AEDT ]]> Characterization of an L-amino acid oxidase in equine spermatozoa https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:27633 L-tryptophan > L-tyrosine) were substrates for this enzyme, eliciting the dose- and time-dependent generation of ROS via mechanisms that were enhanced by cell death. This unexpected result was confirmed by analyses of ROS generation in subcellular sperm fractions, which again located a majority of LAAO activity to the sperm head. Equine cryopreservation medium was shown to contain sufficient quantities of aromatic amino acids to activate the LAAO system and generate ROS. The biological significance of this activity was established in an experiment in which physiological concentrations of aromatic amino acids were found to suppress sperm motility but only if dead spermatozoa were present in the same suspension. The combination of aromatic amino acids and nonviable cells was also found to enhance the levels of lipid peroxidation in live spermatozoa. These results suggest the potential significance of LAAO activity in generating the oxidative stress associated with the cryopreservation of equine spermatozoa. It is possible that inhibitors of this enzyme system may facilitate the development of modified cryostorage regimes for clinical validation in vivo.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:34:05 AEDT ]]> Sperm DNA fragmentation abnormalities in men from couples with a history of recurrent miscarriage https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:26608 30%). Couples with otherwise unexplained recurrent miscarriage had significantly higher DFI than those with other causes identified on routine screening (P = 0.012). Conclusions: In couples experiencing RM, 30% (32/108) of men had sperm with high levels of DNA fragmentation (DFI > 15%). This may be a contributing factor to the clinical syndrome of RM, and future clinical trials of therapies for these couples are warranted.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:33:59 AEDT ]]> Role of ion channels in the sperm acrosome reaction https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:30077 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:31:16 AEDT ]]> Proteomic characterization of pig sperm anterior head plasma membrane reveals roles of acrosomal proteins in ZP3 binding https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:27056 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:25:20 AEDT ]]> Stallion fertility: a focus on the spermatozoon https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:26749 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:24:44 AEDT ]]> Storing stallion sperm in SpermSafe™ at 17°C may improve fertility by reducing mPTP formation https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51973 Mon 25 Sep 2023 10:52:32 AEST ]]> Age-related DNA damage in stallions: an ongoing investigation https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51971 Mon 25 Sep 2023 10:23:50 AEST ]]> Investigating the profile of miRNAs in the mammalian male reproductive tract https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:32001 Mon 23 Sep 2019 11:39:16 AEST ]]> Heat exposure induces oxidative stress and DNA damage in the male germ line https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47477 0.05). Collectively, our acute heat stress model supports the existence of heat susceptible stages of germ cell development, with the round spermatids being most perturbed and spermatogonial stem cells exhibiting resistance to this insult. Such findings were complemented by our chronic heat stress model, which further supported the vulnerability of the round spermatid population.]]> Mon 23 Jan 2023 11:33:24 AEDT ]]> Sperm proteins and cancer-testis antigens are released by the seminiferous tubules in mice and men https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46185 Mon 14 Nov 2022 10:36:46 AEDT ]]> Assessment of the Emerging Threat Posed by Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances to Male Reproduction in Humans https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:45427 Fri 28 Oct 2022 11:48:22 AEDT ]]> Patterns of MTT reduction in mammalian spermatozoa https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:43567 Fri 23 Sep 2022 11:57:30 AEST ]]> Roles of male reproductive tract extracellular vesicles in reproduction https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:37679 Fri 12 Mar 2021 10:57:58 AEDT ]]>