https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49862 Wed 28 Feb 2024 15:09:16 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:15676 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:24:58 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:9566 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:14:39 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:12284 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:10:51 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:15717 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:07:54 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:7579 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:28:00 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49869 Wed 07 Jun 2023 15:54:43 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:50141 Wed 05 Jul 2023 13:01:27 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:16806 Tue 24 Aug 2021 14:40:46 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:36310 Tue 22 Jun 2021 12:13:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53303 Tue 21 Nov 2023 12:03:01 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46887 16 nmol·L⁻¹ for progesterone should be set. It is also recommended that future research should focus on the inclusion of the late follicular estrogen peak. It is envisaged that these methodological recommendations will assist in clarifying some of the disagreement around the effects of the menstrual cycle on exercise performance and other aspects of exercise science and sports medicine.]]> Tue 06 Dec 2022 10:59:28 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:43855 Tue 04 Oct 2022 12:00:48 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:35228 in utero. This allows adverse intrauterine conditions to make a sustained impact on the developing brain like in compromised human pregnancies. In addition, the brain is exposed to a protective neurosteroid environment in utero, which has been suggested to promote development in the guinea pig and the human. Moreover, in utero stresses that have been shown to adversely affect long term neurobehavioral outcomes in clinical studies, can be modeled successfully in guinea pigs. Overall, these parallels to the human have led to increasing interest in the guinea pig for translational studies of treatments and therapies that potentially improve outcomes following adverse events in pregnancy and after preterm birth.]]> Tue 02 Jul 2019 11:37:43 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54561 Thu 29 Feb 2024 12:33:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:39311 2.59 = 4.300; p = 0.018 and F_2.61 = 4.648; p = 0.013, respectively). Oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory exchange ratio, breathing frequency, energy expenditure, relative perceived exertion and perceived readiness were unaltered by menstrual cycle phase. Most of the cardiorespiratory variables measured appear to be impassive by menstrual cycle phases throughout a high-intensity interval exercise in endurance-trained athletes. It seems that sex hormone fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle are not high enough to disrupt tissues’ adjustments caused by the high-intensity exercise. Nevertheless, HR based training programs should consider menstrual cycle phase.]]> Thu 28 Jul 2022 14:56:14 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49307 Thu 11 May 2023 14:39:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:967 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:29:53 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:986 A receptor and suppress the fetal CNS activity. These steroids are synthesized in the fetal brain either from cholesterol or from circulating precursors derived from the placenta. The concentrations of allopregnanolone are remarkably high in the fetal brain and rise further in response to acute hypoxic stress, induced by constriction of the umbilical cord. This response may result from the increased 5α-reductase and cytochrome P-450_SCC expression in the brain. These observations suggest that the rise in neurosteroid concentrations in response to acute hypoxia may represent an endogenous protective mechanism that reduces excitotoxicity following hypoxic stress in the developing brain. In contrast to acute stress, chronic hypoxemia induces neurosteroidogenic enzyme expression without an increase in neurosteroid concentrations and, therefore, may pose a greater risk to the fetus. At birth, the allopregnanolone concentrations in the brain fall markedly, probably due to the loss of placental precursors; however, stressors, including hypoxia and endotoxin-induced inflammation, raise allopregnanolone concentrations in the newborn brain. This may protect the newborn brain from hypoxia-induced damage. However, the rise in allopregnanolone concentrations was also associated with increased sleep. This rise in sedative steroid levels may depress arousal and contribute to the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Our recent findings indicate that acute hypoxic stress in pregnancy initiates a neurosteroid response that may protect the fetal brain from hypoxia-induced cell death, whereas the decline in allopregnanolone levels after birth may result in greater vulnerability to brain injury in neonates.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:29:48 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:2353 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:27:55 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:15364 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:25:42 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:15976 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:23:39 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:10549 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:10:19 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:21378 Chlamydia trachomatis infection is increased by oral contraceptives and modulated by sex hormones. We therefore sought to determine the effects of female sex hormones on the innate immune response to C. trachomatis infection. Method of study: ECC-1 endometrial cells, pre-treated with oestradiol or progesterone, were infected with C. trachomatis and the host transcriptome analysed by Illumina Sentrix HumanRef-8 microarray. Primary endocervical epithelial cells, prepared at either the proliferative or secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, were infected with C. trachomatis and cytokine gene expression determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Results: Chlamydia trachomatis yield from progesterone-primed ECC-1 cells was significantly reduced compared with oestradiol-treated cells. Genes upregulated in progesterone-treated and Chlamydia-infected cells only included multiple CC and CXC chemokines, IL-17C, IL-29, IL-32, TNF-α, DEFB4B, LCN2, S100A7-9, ITGAM, NOD2, JAK1, IL-6ST, type I and II interferon receptors, numerous interferon-stimulated genes and STAT6. CXCL10, CXCL11, CX₃CL1 and IL-17C, which were also upregulated in infected secretory-stage primary cells, and there was a trend towards higher levels of immune mediators in infected secretory-phase compared with proliferative-phase cells. Conclusion: Progesterone treatment primes multiple innate immune pathways in hormone-responsive epithelial cells that could potentially increase resistance to chlamydial infection.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:04:59 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:29021 A/B human myometrial cell line, abundance of pSer345-PRA was induced by progesterone in a dose-(EC₅₀ ~1 nM) and time-dependent manner. Prevention of pSer345 (by site-directed mutagenesis) abolished the capacity for PR-A to inhibit anti-inflammatory actions of progesterone mediated by PR-B but had no effect on the transrepressive activity of PR-A at a canonical progesterone response element. Taken together, the data show that human parturition involves the phosphorylation of PR-A at serine-345 in myometrial cells and that this process is ligand dependent and induced by a proinflammatory stimulus. We also found that in myometrial cells, pSer345 activates the capacity for PR-A to inhibit antiinflammatory actions of progesterone mediated by PR-B. Phosphorylation of PR-A at serine-345 may be an important functional link between tissue-level inflammation and PR-A-mediated functional progesterone withdrawal to trigger parturition.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:31:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:4813 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:20:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:32095 Mon 23 Sep 2019 10:19:30 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49910 Mon 19 Jun 2023 11:07:36 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:16696 Fri 30 Aug 2024 14:49:06 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:16517 Fri 16 Aug 2024 12:51:04 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:44496 0.05). The time-course for hepcidin and interleukin-6 responses to exercise was different from the literature, since hepcidin peak levels occurred at 0 h post-exercise, whereas the highest interleukin-6 levels occurred at 3 h post-exercise. We concluded that menstrual cycle phases may alter interleukin-6 production causing a higher inflammation when progesterone levels are elevated (days 19–21). Moreover, during the early follicular phase a significant reduction of iron levels is observed potentially due to a loss of haemoglobin through menses. According to our results, high intensity exercises should be carefully monitored in these phases in order not to further compromise iron stores.]]> Fri 14 Oct 2022 09:04:57 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:48165 Fri 10 Mar 2023 17:14:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51493  .05 for all comparisons). Trivial and small effect sizes were found for all BC variables when comparing the MC phases in eumenorrheic females, as well as for the OC cycle phases. Conclusions: According to the results, sex hormone fluctuations throughout the menstrual and OC cycle do not influence BC variables measured by bioelectrical impedance in well-trained females. Therefore, it seems that bioimpedance analysis can be conducted at any moment of the cycle, both for eumenorrheic women and women using OC.]]> Fri 08 Sep 2023 11:57:22 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49194 Fri 05 May 2023 15:51:16 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47865 Fri 03 Feb 2023 14:07:53 AEDT ]]>