http://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/services/Feed ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 http://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:932 The Probabilistic Urban Rainfall and wastewater Reuse Simulator (PURRS v7.2,the Model for Urban Stormwater Improvement Conceptualisation (MUSIC v3) and Spreadsheet modelling tools were compared for evaluating rainwater harvesting strategies. Input data included climate files, suggested water demands and time-steps. Models were run with climate data of unequal duration and time-step,which highlighted significant differences between modelled outcomes. Using climate data of equal duration still resulted in major differences. The reasons for these differences are explained as a function of the duration and time-step of climate data, the time-step and diurnal patterns of indoor/outdoor water demand and tank configuration. Results imply that the length and time-step of climate inputs, the distribution and time-step of daily water demand and rainwater tank configuration are significant factors in robustly evaluating mains water savings for a range of Australian climates. 2010-04-27T06:41:55.646Z ]]> http://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:2682 In a similar way to as they are commonly used in industry, results from PURRS (v7.2), MUSIC(v3) and Spreadsheet modelling tools were compared for evaluating rainwater harvesting strategies. Input data to each model was selected as advised by user guidelines, including climate files, suggested water demands and time-steps. Models were run with climate data of unequal duration and time-step, which highlighted significant differences between modelled outcomes. Using climate data of equal duration still resulted in major differences. The reasons for these differences are explained as a function of the duration and time-step of climate data, the time-step and diurnal patterns of indoor/outdoor water demand and tank configuration. Results imply that the length and time-step of climate inputs, the distribution and time-step of daily water demand and rainwater tank configuration are significant factors in robustly evaluating mains water savings for a range of Australian climates. 2010-04-27T06:33:23.655Z ]]> http://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:2718 The benefits derived from allotment-scale rainwater tank systems are usually modelled based on input data including rainfall, the attributes of the dwelling and the attributes of the rainwater tank system. However, reliable determination of mains water savings requires a realistic, continuous approach in simulating the numerous flows between the rooftop, the rainwater tank and wastewater system in order to fully realise the "hidden" benefits of integrated water systems. Also, the timing and availability of water demand and the annual rainfall regime for a range of climatic zones shows greater influence on evaluating system benefits than previously acknowledged. This study uses three commonly used modelling tools, namely PURRS (v7.2), MUSIC (v3) and a spreadsheet approach, to highlight the differences between outcomes and to reveal the hidden detail of using realistic, continuous simulation techniques. Input data to each model was selected as advised by user guidelines, including climate files, suggested water demands and time-steps. Models were run with climate data of unequal duration and time-step, which highlighted significant differences between modelled outcomes. Using climate data of equal duration still resulted in major differences. The reasons for these differences are explained as a function of the duration and time-step of climate data, the time-step and diurnal patterns of indoor/outdoor water demand and tank configuration. The differences and similarities between models produce variable results for different climatic regimes and water demands. Results imply that the length and time step of climate inputs and simulating the distribution and time-step of daily water demand and rainwater tank configuration are significant factors in robustly evaluating mains water savings for a range of Australian climates, particularly for smaller tank sizes. 2010-04-27T06:17:24.970Z ]]> http://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:2717 Using the Probabilistic Urban Rainfall and wastewater Reuse Simulator (PURRS), this study investigates the variability produced in mains water savings, wastewater flows and stormwater runoff at the allotment scale. Continuous simulation of rainwater harvesting and wastewater systems was performed with different water demands and roof areas on 600 m² allotments in Auckland, Adelaide, Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney. Results indicate that there is plenty of water available at the allotment scale. For a variety of integrated water cycle management options (IWCM) options, a range of solutions can be obtained for an array of water demands (persons per household) and roof areas. Climatic regimes governing rainfall depth/distribution and water demand distribution are also shown to influence the magnitude of the IWCM options evaluated. This study highlights the benefits of a range of allotment scale IWCM options that result from different climate regimes, water demands and roof areas. The significance of results is that when rainwater tanks and/or wastewater systems are introduced at the allotment scale, there is plenty of water available for all uses. However, the extents of benefits are dependent on climate regime and water demand. In addition, the implications for catchment water resource management are highlighted in the context of perceived water shortages in the future. 2010-04-27T06:14:26.563Z ]]>